What does encapsulation rely on for its effectiveness?

Encapsulation relies on adhesion to a lead-based surface for its effectiveness. This method involves applying a barrier coating or material over surfaces that contain lead-based paint. The primary purpose is to create a stable surface that prevents the lead paint from chipping, peeling, or creating dust particles that can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.

For encapsulation to work correctly, the material used must effectively bond with the existing surface to ensure it adheres well and does not allow the lead paint underneath to deteriorate over time. A strong adhesive bond provides the necessary durability and long-term protection required in lead abatement strategies.

Other options do not capture the essence of how encapsulation functions. Mechanical fastening, while useful in some contexts, isn't a defining characteristic of encapsulation, which primarily focuses on the chemical and physical bonding of the encapsulant to the lead-based surface. Removal of the lead-based surface is a different lead abatement method that is not applicable in situations where encapsulation is intended. Similarly, sealing edges and seams is part of the overall encapsulation process, but it is not the primary factor determining the effectiveness of the encapsulation itself; the critical aspect remains the adhesion to the lead-based surface.